Nobel Prizes presented to winners
Güncelleme Tarihi:
AP
Oluşturulma Tarihi: Aralık 12, 2008 00:00
STOCKHOLM - Researchers who discovered the AIDS virus and glowing proteins, an outspoken U.S. economist and a globe-trotting French writer have received their Nobel Prizes.
Amid traditional pomp and circumstance, Sweden's King Carl XVI Gustaf handed out the prestigious 10 million kronor ($1.2 million) awards Wednesday in chemistry, physics, medicine, literature and economics in Stockholm.
The Nobel Peace Prize was presented at a separate ceremony in Norway to Finnish diplomat Martti Ahtisaari, for decades of peace work, including a 2005 deal that ended fighting between the Indonesian government and Aceh rebels.
Five Europeans, four Americans and three Japanese were singled out by the Nobel committees when the 2008 prizes were announced in October.
The 1895 will of Swedish industrialist Alfred Nobel stipulates that the prizes, first awarded in 1901, should be given to those who "have conferred the greatest benefit on mankind."
The Swedish Academy continued a trend of honoring European writers by selecting Frenchman Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clezio for the literature award. The author of more than 40 works including "The Book of Flights" and "Desert," Le Clezio holds dual nationality with Mauritius and spends much of his time in Albuquerque, New Mexico.
"Your work is a story of migration; you are yourself are a nomad of the world," Horace Engdahl, the academy's permanent secretary, said.
The medicine prize jury cited French researchers Francoise Barre-Sinoussi and Luc Montagnier for their discovery of human immunodeficiency virus, or HIV, in 1983. They shared the award with Germany's Harald zur Hausen, who was honored for finding human papilloma viruses that cause cancer.
Japan's Osamu Shimomura and Americans Martin Chalfie and Roger Tsien shared the chemistry prize for discovering and developing a fluorescent protein. Their work has helped researchers track such processes as the development of brain cells, the growth of tumors and the spread of cancer cells.
Japanese scientists Makoto Kobayashi and Toshihide Maskawa split the physics award with American Yoichiro Nambu for theoretical advances that help explain the behavior of the smallest particles of matter.
U.S. economist and New York Times columnist Paul Krugman won the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences for his analysis of how economies of scale can affect international trade patterns.
The prize is not one of the original Nobels, but was created in 1968.
The Nobel Peace Prize was presented at a separate ceremony in Norway to Finnish diplomat Martti Ahtisaari, for decades of peace work, including a 2005 deal that ended fighting between the Indonesian government and Aceh rebels.
Five Europeans, four Americans and three Japanese were singled out by the Nobel committees when the 2008 prizes were announced in October.
The 1895 will of Swedish industrialist Alfred Nobel stipulates that the prizes, first awarded in 1901, should be given to those who "have conferred the greatest benefit on mankind."
The Swedish Academy continued a trend of honoring European writers by selecting Frenchman Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clezio for the literature award. The author of more than 40 works including "The Book of Flights" and "Desert," Le Clezio holds dual nationality with Mauritius and spends much of his time in Albuquerque, New Mexico.
"Your work is a story of migration; you are yourself are a nomad of the world," Horace Engdahl, the academy's permanent secretary, said.
The medicine prize jury cited French researchers Francoise Barre-Sinoussi and Luc Montagnier for their discovery of human immunodeficiency virus, or HIV, in 1983. They shared the award with Germany's Harald zur Hausen, who was honored for finding human papilloma viruses that cause cancer.
Japan's Osamu Shimomura and Americans Martin Chalfie and Roger Tsien shared the chemistry prize for discovering and developing a fluorescent protein. Their work has helped researchers track such processes as the development of brain cells, the growth of tumors and the spread of cancer cells.
Japanese scientists Makoto Kobayashi and Toshihide Maskawa split the physics award with American Yoichiro Nambu for theoretical advances that help explain the behavior of the smallest particles of matter.
U.S. economist and New York Times columnist Paul Krugman won the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences for his analysis of how economies of scale can affect international trade patterns.
The prize is not one of the original Nobels, but was created in 1968.